“男言之隐”--前列腺

"Hidden men's words"—The prostate gland

世界卫生组织报告显示，男科疾病已成为威胁全球男性健康的第三

大杀手，仅位列心脑血管疾病、癌症之后。

The World Health Organization reports that male diseases have become the third threat to men's health worldwide,which next to cardiovascular disease and cancer.

中国性学会会长、中国性学研究院院长姜辉教授表示，从人类人口

来看，有多少妇科问题，就有多少男科问题。

Professor Jiang Hui, chairman of the Chinese Sexology Association and dean of the Chinese Sexology Research Institute, said that from the human population, there are as many gynecological problems as there are many male problems.

而且相对于女性，男性更“耻”于谈论生殖健康问题,例如前列腺健

康。

And men are more shamed than women to talk about reproductive health issues, such as prostate health.
October 28th is World Men's Health Day.

10月28日，是世界男性健康日。

今天，就带大家来了解一下“男言之隐”。

Today, we will take you to understand the "hidden men's words".

01，认识男性"秘密之地"一前列腺

01. Meet the "secret place" of men - the prostate

在男性生殖健康中，前列腺是男性特有的性腺器官，如果不注意

保护，容易受到伤害而引起炎症而导致前列腺炎。

In male reproductive health, the prostate is a male-specific gonadal organ if not taken care of protecting, vulnerably to injure and cause inflammation leading to prostatitis.

如图，前列腺上邻膀胱、后靠直肠，尿道和输精管从腺体中穿行而

过。前列腺外形长得就像一颗栗子，正常大小约为

3.5cm×2.5cm×2.5cm。

As the pictures, the prostate is adjacent to the bladder, and the rectum, urethra and spermaduct pass through glands.
The prostate gland looks like a chestnut and is normally about the size of a
3.5 cm x 2.5 cm x 2.5 cm.

前列腺是人体非常少有的、具有内、外双重分泌功能的性分泌

腺，具有四大生理功能，在人体内发挥了重要的生理作用。

Prostate is a very rare sexual secretion with internal and external secretory functions, it has physiological functions, plays an important physiological role in human body.

具有外分泌功能

前列腺是男性最大的附属性腺，亦属人体外分泌腺之一。

它每天可分泌约2毫升前列腺液，是精液的主要成分，对精

子正常的功能具有重要作用，对生育非常重要。前列腺液的

分泌受雄性激素的调控。

Exocrine functions
The prostate is the largest accessory gonad of the male, and also one of the exocrine glands of the human body.
It can secrete about 2 milliliters of prostatic fluid every day, is the main component of semen, importantly to fine the normal function of the sperm which is vital to reproduction.
The secretion of prostatic fluid is regulated by androgens.

具有内分泌功能

前列腺分泌的激素称为“前列腺素”，可作用于生殖系统，

促进睾丸激素分泌，增加精子数量和增强精子活力。此外，

前列腺素对内分泌、消化、泌尿、神经系统等均有作用。

Endocrine function
The prostate produces hormones called prostaglandins that act on the reproductive system,promoting the secretion of testosterone, increases sperm count and motility. In addition,prostaglandins have effects on endocrine, digestive, urinary and nervous systems.

具有控制排尿功能

前列腺包绕尿道，与膀胱颈贴近，构成了近端尿道壁，其环

状平滑肌纤维围绕尿道前列腺部，参与构成尿道内括约肌。

发生排尿冲动时，伴随着逼尿肌的收缩，内括约肌则松弛,

使排尿顺利进行。

It has the function of controlling urination
The prostate wraps around the urethra and is close to the vesical neck, forming the proximal urethral wall.and annular smooth muscle fibers surround the urethra and the prostate,participating in the formation of the internal urethra sphincter.
When the urge to urinate occurs, the detrusor muscles contract and the internal sphincter  relaxes,makinng urination go smoothly.

具有运输功能

前列腺实质内有尿道和两条射精管穿过，当射精时，前列腺

和精囊腺的肌肉收缩，可将输精管和精囊腺中的内容物经射

精管压入后尿道，进而排出体外。

Transport function
There is a urethra and two ejaculatory ducts passing through the prostate parenchyma, and when ejaculation occurs, the prostate and the seminal vesicle gland muscle shrink, make the cotent of spermaduct and seminal vesicle passing through ejaculatory duct pressed into the posterior urethra and discharged from the body.

02男人听了会沉默的"前列腺炎"

前列腺炎是中青年男性的泌尿外科常见病，在泌尿外科男性患者

50岁以下中占首位，大约50%的男性在一生的某个时期几乎都

会受到前列腺炎的困扰。

Men will be silent when they hear "prostatitis"

Prostatitis is a common urological disease in young and middle-aged men,and the patient under 50 is the first for urological male .About 50 percent of men at some point in their lives can be troubled by prostatitis.

前列腺炎是由多种原因引起的前列腺炎症。引起前列腺炎的原

因有：

不洁的性生活，导致前列腺感染细菌、原虫、真菌、病毒；经

常酗酒、过食辛辣、感冒受凉，抽烟再加上劳累；不良的工作

体位(如长时间骑单车、坐车、开车、骑马）使前列腺遭受压

迫，局部供血不良；性生活过频、过度节制、过多手淫使前列

腺的非正常充血等。

Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate gland caused by a variety of causes. Causes of prostatitis are :
Unclean sexual life, leading to prostate infection with bacteria, protozoa, fungi, viruses;
Often drinking too much, eating spicy, having a cold, smoking and fatigue; Bad work action(such as long cycling, sitting in car,driving, riding horse) make pressure on the prostate, local poor blood supply; Sexual life too frequent, excessive abstinence, excessive masturbation lead to abnormal congestion of the gland, etc.

前列腺炎有急性和慢性之分。

Prostatitis has acute and chronic cent.

急性细菌性前列腺炎：表现为发热、尿频、尿急、尿

痛、排尿不尽感、会阴部或腰骶部酸胀、痛等。经过规

范的抗感染治疗多数能够治愈，少数由于感染控制未完

全而演变为慢性前列腺炎。

慢性前列腺炎：表现为会阴部及肛门会有不适下坠感，

排尿不畅，少数严重病例会发生性欲减退，出现早泄或

阳痿等性功能障碍，给患者带来了很多的痛苦和烦恼，

明显影响患者生活质量。

Acute bacterial prostatitis: the performance of fever, frequency of urination, urgent urination, urine pain, dysuria, perineum or lumbosacral acid distension, pain, etc.
Most can be curable after narmal anti-infective treatments, but a few evolve into chronic prostatitis due to incomplete infection control.
Chronic prostatitis: the performance of the perineum and anus will have a feeling of discomfort, poor urination, and in a few severe case，premature ejaculation or impotence and other sexual dysfunction occur , bring a lot of pain and trouble to patients,it obviously affects the quality of life of patients.

告别尴尬，爱护前列腺

Stop being embarrassed and take care of your prostate

如因不了解前列腺炎，在得了前列腺炎后产生很重的心理负担，

从而夸大了躯体不适症状的程度和范围，对治疗产生很严重的负

面效果，加重病情。

For example, due to ignorance of prostatitis, there is a heavy psychological burden after getting prostatitis,thus exaggerating the extent and scope of physical discomfort symptoms, have a severely negative effect on the treatment, aggravating illness.

防治前列腺炎应该做到以下几点：

Prevention and treatment of prostatitis should be done as follows:

日常生活注意健康

戒烟限酒，少吃油腻、辛辣、刺激性食物；避免穿着紧身衣

裤、感冒受凉、憋尿、长时间骑单车、坐硬椅等；多喝水，

保持外阴部的清洁卫生；加强身体锻炼，根据个人情况选择

爬山、慢跑、快走、游泳等易开展的运动，每周至少3次，

每次30分钟以上。

Pay attention to health in daily life

Give up smoking and limit alcohol consumption. Eat less greasy, spicy and irritating food. Avoid wearing tight clothing trousers, catching a cold, holding in urine, riding a bike for a long time, sitting in a hard chair, etc. Drink more water ,keep the vulva clean and hygienic; Strengthen physical exercise, according to the individual situation choose mountain climbing, jogging, brisk walking, swimming and other easy sports, at least three times a week,more than 30 minutes each time.

•避免不洁的性生活

洁身自好，避免不洁的性生活；坚持正确使用安全套。性生

活不要过于频繁，保持性生活（排精）规律。

• Avoid unclean sex

Keep yourself clean and avoid unclean sexual life; Always use condoms correctly. Don't sex too often and keep your sex life regular.
Treat to the regular hospital

到正规医院治疗

得了前列腺炎时要及时到正规医院进行治疗，不要上江湖游

医的当，以免贻误病情。

前列腺炎反复发作、久治不愈时，其性伴侣也应该检查是否

有泌尿系或生殖系的感染，因此提倡男女同治。

When you get prostatitis, you need to undertake treatment to regular hospital in time, do not be tricked by fake doctorin order to delay the illness.
When prostatitis is repeated and prolonged, sexual partner should also be checked whether has urinary or reproductive tract infections, so we promote treatment of both men and women.

行为疗法同样重要

前列腺炎治疗除了对症用药外，行为疗法同样重要。可每日

1～2次温水坐浴，每周进行一次前列腺按摩；应当保持心情

放松，避免劳累。

Behavioral therapy is also important.
In addition to symptomatic treatment of prostatitis, behavioral therapy is equally important. With daily1 ~ 2 warm bath, once a week for prostate massage; Keep the relaxed mood and avoid fatigue.

积极调适心理压力

前列腺炎是常见病、多发病，不是不治之症，不用羞愧，减

轻心理压力，只要积极治疗，做好自我调护，症状是可以缓

解直至痊愈的。

Actively adjust psychological pressure
Prostatitis is a common disease, frequently-occurring disease, not incurable disease, don’t be shame, reduce psychological pressure, as long as actively treat, do a good job of self-care, symptoms can be slowly alleviative until healed.

来源：深圳市春风应激干预服务中心

Source: Shenzhen Spring Breeze Stress Intervention Service Center